Form 943, Employer's Annual Federal Tax Return for Agricultural Employees, is used by agricultural employers to report federal income tax, Social Security, and Medicare tax, as well as additional Medicare tax withheld from wages paid to agricultural employees or farm workers.
As an agricultural employer, you must file Form 943 annually. All the wages you pay your farmworkers are subject to federal income tax, Social Security, and Medicare tax withholding during any calendar year in which:
You pay an employee cash wage of $150 or more in a year for farmwork (count all wages paid on a time, piecework, or another basis). The $150 test is applied individually to each farmworker you employ. Even if you hire a family of workers, each member is treated separately.
The total (cash and noncash) wages that you pay to all farmworkers is $2,500 or more.
If you don’t meet the $2,500-or-more in test, the $150 test for each employee still applies. Similarly, if you don’t pay any individual more than $150 in cash, but your cumulative total for the year is at least $2,500, you will still need to file Form 943.
What are the changes in Form 943 for 2025?
The IRS has announced several updates to Form 943 for the 2025 tax year. Below is a summary of the key changes that you must know as an agricultural employer:
Updated Social Security Wage Base for 2025
The Social Security wage base has increased to $176,100 for 2025.
The Social Security and Medicare tax rates remain unchanged.
New Section for Aggregate Return Filers
Aggregate filers (such as Section 3504 agents, CPEOs, and other third-party payers) must now identify themselves in a new section on Form 943 titled "Aggregate Return Filers Only."
Direct Deposit for Form 943 Refunds
Form 943 refunds can now be issued via direct deposit, providing a fast, simple, safe, and secure way to have refunds deposited automatically to a checking or savings account.
Employers may still choose to apply an overpayment to their next return instead of receiving a refund.
Electronic Payments Required for Balance Due
Employers must now
make all Form 943 balance due payments electronically. This transition promotes efficiency and eliminates paper check payments.
Electronic Access to Form 943 Return Transcripts
Employers can now view and download Form 943 return transcripts for tax years 2023 and later directly through their IRS Business Tax Account on IRS.gov.
Electronic Filing of Form 943 Corrections
The IRS now supports electronic filing of Form 943-X, allowing employers to amend previously filed Form 943 returns through the Modernized e-File (MeF) system.
Withholding on Qualified Overtime Compensation
A new provision under the One Big Beautiful Bill Act (P.L. 119-21) allows certain workers to deduct up to $12,500 ($25,000 if married filing jointly) in qualified overtime compensation on their income tax returns (for tax years 2025–2029).
Employers will use the updated Form W-4 and Pub. 15-T procedures for accurate withholding.
Employers must also report qualified overtime payments on Forms W-2 or 1099-MISC.
The IRS has announced transition relief for the 2025 reporting year.
What information is required to fill out Form 943 for 2025?
Ensure you have the following information ready before starting your Form 943 filing to streamline the process:
Your name, address, and EIN (Employer Identification Number)
Total number of agricultural employees employed
Wages subject to Social Security and Medicare tax
Total amount of federal income tax withheld from your employees for the year
When is the deadline to file Tax Form 943 for 2025?
Form 943 is due by January 31st every year, regardless of the method you choose to file Form 943. Accordingly, for the 2025 tax year, the due date to file Form 943 is February 02, 2026.
If you made deposits on time in full payment of the taxes due for the year, you may file the return by February 10, 2026. If the Form 943 due date falls on any Federal holiday or weekend, the next business day will be the due date.
However, you may be required to deposit the taxes beforehand, depending on your total tax liability. Click here to know the 943 deposit due dates for 2025.
Who is exempt from employment tax withholding on Form 943?
Special rules apply to seasonal farmworkers who receive less than $150 in annual cash wages. These wages aren't subject to Social Security and Medicare taxes or federal income tax withholding, even if you pay $2,500 or more to all your farmworkers. However, these wages count toward the $2,500 test for determining whether other farmworkers' wages are subject to FICA taxes.
To be a Seasonal farmworker, the following criteria must be met:
Employed in agriculture as a hand-harvest laborer,
Paid piece rates in an operation that is usually paid on a piece-rate basis in the region of employment,
Travel daily from their permanent home to the farm, and
Had been employed in agriculture for less than 13 weeks in the previous year.
If you are an agricultural employers who deposit federal income tax, Social Security, and Medicare taxes withheld on a semiweekly deposit schedule, you are required to report your tax liability in Form 943-A and attach it to Form 943.
The amount on ‘line M’ must be equal to line 13 on Form 943. The IRS may impose deposit penalties if you fail to complete Form 943-A.
Add Form 943-A at No Extra Cost Using TaxBandits!
When you file Form 943 online using TaxBandits, your filing includes Form 943-A at no additional cost.
What is the difference between Form 941 and Form 943?
Both Form 941 and 943 report employment taxes withheld from employee's wages. However, Form 943 is specifically designated to be used by employers who have paid wages by cash, checks, or money orders to agricultural employees (farmworkers). Form 941 is filed on a quarterly basis, whereas Form 943 is filed annually.
What happens if you file Form 943 late?
The IRS imposes penalties if you fail to file or pay the tax withheld. If Form 943 is not filed by the deadline, a 5% penalty on the unpaid tax is applied for each month the return is late. Additionally, late or incomplete payments may result in a penalty ranging from 2% to 15% of the unpaid tax, depending on how long the balance remains unpaid.
IRS Update:
If you receive a penalty notice after filing your return, respond with an explanation, and the IRS will decide if you qualify for reasonable cause.
How to file your Tax Form 943?
You can file Form 943 either electronically or by mail. If you choose to mail your 943 form, the address will vary depending on your business location and whether you’re including a payment. Refer to the Form 943 mailing address to ensure accurate submission.
If you choose to e-file 943, you can get started with the IRS-authorized e-file provider, TaxBandits, to streamline the process. Moreover, the IRS recommendse-filing of Form 943 for quick and instant processing. TaxBandits offers a complete solution to file your returns on time and pay your taxes through the EFTPS online payment solution.
